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hardware/schematic.md

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## Overview
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This page discusses the micro:bit schematic and Bill of Materials (BOM),
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which shows the electrical connections of the micro:bit and the components used in it.
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This page discusses the micro:bit schematic and Bill of Materials (BOM).
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The schematic is available from the BBC's [micro:bit hardware repository](https://github.com/bbcmicrobit/hardware)
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The schematic details the electrical connections and components of the micro:bit.
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It is available from the BBC's [micro:bit hardware repository](https://github.com/bbcmicrobit/hardware)
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If you're looking to make something of your own based on the micro:bit, you might prefer to
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use our ['Reference Design'](/hardware/reference-design/) which is based on a radio module and has space on the layout
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use our ['Reference Design'](/hardware/reference-design/) which is based on a pre-certified nRF51-based radio module and has space on the layout
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for you to add your own components.
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## Schematics
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- [V2 TBC](#)
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### V2 pinmap
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Whilst we work on the publication of the schematic for the latest revision, here is the pinmap and allocation of the nRF52833
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| GPIO on nRF52833 | Allocation | KL27 Landing | Edge Connector name |
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## Key Features
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Below, we've extracted some useful details about the hardware that anyone implementing
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We've extracted some useful details about the hardware that anyone implementing
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software for the micro:bit, interfacing to it, or designing an add-on board for it
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should find useful.
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### LEDS
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The LED matrix is physically layed out as a 5x5. On the <span class="v2">V2</span> board this is implemeted as a 5x5 matrix, but in the <span class="v1">v1</span>, this is implemented as a
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scanned matrix of 9x3 (i.e. 9 colums by 3 rows). Row 2 Col 8, and Row 2 Col 9 are not used.
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The LEDs are physically laid out as a 5x5 matrix. On the <span class="v2">V2</span> board this is implemeted as a 5x5 matrix, but in the <span class="v1">v1</span>, this is implemented as a scanned matrix of 9x3 (i.e. 9 colums by 3 rows). Row 2 Col 8, and Row 2 Col 9 are not used.
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The LED matrix is driven via a high-speed multiplex generated by application processor software.
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This software also uses the LED Row and Col pins to implement the light sensing feature, as such you may see a difference in sensitivity between borad revisions.
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Some of the Columns appear on the edge connector, so if you want to use extra GPIO pins,
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you have to disable the display in software.
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The LED matrix is multiplexed at high-speed by a software driver.
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This software also uses the LED Row and Col pins to implement the light sensing feature, as such you may see a difference in sensitivity between board revisions.
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Some of the Columns appear on the edge connector. If you want to use these as extra GPIO pins, you must disable the display in software.
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### Interface
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a serial port interface to be used across the USB.
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The interface processor also contains an on-board regulator that steps down the USB voltage
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to 3.3V suitable for powering the rest of the micro:bit, and you can draw 120mA<span class="v1">v1</span>/300mA<span class="v2">V2</span> from this
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processor regulator. A TVS device is fitted to suppress ESD spikes and out of range voltages
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to 3.3V suitable for powering the rest of the micro:bit. You can draw 120mA<span class="v1">v1</span>/300mA<span class="v2">V2</span> from this regulator. A TVS device is fitted to suppress ESD spikes and out-of-range voltages
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that could be present on the USB connector.
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This processor does not have any connection to the GPIO pins on the micro:bit.
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### Sensors
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There is one combined motion sensor IC on the micro:bit, that contains an accelerometer and a magnetometer. The accelerometer
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measures acceleration in 3 axies, and the magnetometer can be used as a compass, as well as a magnetic field detector.
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measures acceleration in 3 axes. The magnetometer can be used as a compass or a magnetic field detector.
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The device is connected to the application processor [I2c bus](../i2c/), and for the <span class="v1">v1</span> revision this [I2c bus is also shared](../i2c-shared/) to two pins on the edge connector. I2C pullup resistors are pre-fitted on the board.
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The device is connected to the application processor [I2c bus](../i2c/), and for the <span class="v1">v1</span> revision this [I2c bus is also connected](../i2c-shared/) to two pins on the edge connector. I2C pullup resistors are pre-fitted on the board.
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The magnetometer can generate one processor interrupt for the application processor, and the
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accelerometer can generate two different processor interrupts for the application processor.
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Note, the physical orientation of this IC is important for binary compatibility with the driver
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code in the application processor, which assumes a particular physical orientation in it's calculations.
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Note: the physical orientation of this IC is important for binary compatibility with the driver
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code in the application processor, which assumes a particular physical orientation in its calculations.
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### Power Supply
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Power to the micro:bit can be provided by 3 sources: The USB, the battery connector, and the 3V pad
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Power to the micro:bit can be provided by 3 sources: USB, the battery connector, or the 3V pad
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on the edge connector.
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For USB powering, the KL26 interface processor has an on-board regulator that brings the external
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For powering via USB, the KL26 interface processor has an on-board regulator that brings the external
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USB voltage into the correct range for the micro:bit board.
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A low-Vf diode (in this case about 0.23V max) is used to switch between sources. The diode prevents back-powering
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of any source from any other source.
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Care should be taken if powering the micro:bit from the 3V pad on the edge connector, as the trace
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from that pad is connected directly to the IC's on the board. Please check the datasheets for the
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appropriate IC's for their maximum tolerable voltages.
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from that pad is connected directly to the ICs on the board. Please check the datasheets for the
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appropriate ICs for their maximum tolerable voltages.
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Code is loaded into this processor via the interface processor.
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Communications via USB serial is done via the interface processor.
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USB serial communication is done via the interface processor.
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All GPIO pins on the [edge connector](../edgeconnector/) are serviced by this application processor.
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The edge connector is the main interface to external components attached to the micro:bit.
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This interface has a range of digital, analog, touch, pwm, and serial communications interfaces.
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This interface has a range of digital, analog, touch, PWM, and serial communications interfaces.
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10Mohm weak pull-up resistors are fitted on P0 P1 and P2 for use in touch sensing mode, where they
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provide a weak pull-up to the supply providing a default high input and the user touching the GND
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pad pulls the pin down towards 0V, providing a low input. When in non touch modes, these
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10Mohm weak pull-up resistors are fitted on P0, P1 and P2 for use in touch sensing mode. They
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provide a weak pull-up to the supply, providing a default high input. The user touching the GND
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pad and a given pin pulls the pin down towards 0V, providing a low input. When in non touch modes, these
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pads have stronger internal pull-downs enabled in the software, so that the default input state
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when not connected is 'low'.
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Guard pins are provided both sides of the 3V and GND pads, so that shorting by crocodile clips
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Guard pins are provided on both sides of the 3V and GND pads, so that shorting by crocodile clips
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does not degrade the features of the device by causing spurious inputs.
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Both the front and the back of each of the 5 round ring pads are electrically connected.
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A number of pins have alternate assigned functions for use by the micro:bit, many of these
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can be disabled in software to gain more general purpose IO pins.
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The <span class="v2">V2</span> board revision has a notched edge connector to make it easier to connect crocodile clips and wire etc. This does not affect compatibility with peripherals with edge connector sockets.
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The <span class="v2">V2</span> board revision has a notched edge connector to make it easier to connect crocodile clips or wire. This does not affect compatibility with existing peripherals using edge connector sockets.
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### Dimensions
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The specific dminensions of the board are
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- 51.60mm(w) 42.00mm(h) 11.65mm(d)
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- JST connector to board 5.50mm

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