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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: hardware/powersupply.md
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@@ -21,14 +21,13 @@ Power to the micro:bit may be provided via:
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Power from the micro:bit can be provided by the 3V and GND pins to small external circuits.
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It's is important to stay within the design parameters of the board:
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It is important to stay within the design parameters of the board:
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* When powered from USB, the on board interface chip (KL26<spanclass="v1">v1</span>/KL27<spanclass="v2">V2</span>) uses it's onchip
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regulator to provide power, and this chip is rated at a maximum of 120mA.
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* When powered from USB, the on board interface chip (KL26<spanclass="v1">v1</span>/KL27<spanclass="v2">V2</span>) uses its on-chip
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regulator to provide power. This chip is rated at a maximum of 120mA.
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* The on-board current budget will vary depending on the use of the display,
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the Bluetooth, microphone, speaker and other peripherals. You should allow a worst case budget
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of 30mA for when all on board peripherals are in use, leaving <spanclass="v1">v1</span>90mA/<spanclass="v2">V2</span>270mA for circuits
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* The on-board current budget will vary depending on the use of the display, Bluetooth, microphone, speaker and other peripherals. You should allow a worst-case budget
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of 30mA for when all on-board peripherals are in use, leaving <spanclass="v1">v1</span>90mA/<spanclass="v2">V2</span>270mA for circuits
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plugged into the edge connector.
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* When powered from a battery, the KL chip is not powered up and the USB Indicator LED will not light up.
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### Key Voltages
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As taken from each of the chip data sheets, it can be seen that different
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As taken from each of the chip datasheets, it can be seen that different
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devices have slightly different operating voltage ranges and absolute
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maximum voltages. Manufacturers state the operating voltage range as well
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as the absolute maximum tolerable by the device. You should never exceed
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maximum voltages. Manufacturers state the operating voltage range and
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the absolute maximum tolerable by the device. You should never exceed
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the operating voltage range of any of the devices.
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### v1 revision
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run on-board devices, such as the KL26 itself, the nRF application processor, the motion sensor, and the LED display. When Bluetooth is enabled, the current
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consumption of the nRF increases slightly. You should budget your current
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requirements for anything you attach to the micro:bit <spanclass="v1">v1</span> to not exceed about
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90mA to give enough safe headroom for worst case with all onboard peripherals
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90mA, giving enough safe headroom for worst case with all on-board peripherals
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in use.
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This means that if you require more than 90mA from the edge connector,
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If you require more than 90mA from the edge connector,
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(e.g. driving lots of NeoPixels or a small motor) these should have power supplied
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to them externally. You can back-power the micro:bit via it's 3V pad, but please
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to them externally. You can back-power the micro:bit via its 3V pad, but please
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be sure to use a properly regulated supply and a protection diode, as explained
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below, so that your micro:bit always has a supply within the operating range of
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all the onboard peripherals and the supplies are not able to power each other.
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all the on-board peripherals and the supplies are not able to power each other.
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It is advised that you do not power the micro:bit from USB battery packs. This is
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because some makes and models of USB battery packs can generate out of range
@@ -117,12 +116,12 @@ There is further information about the [battery connection and use](https://supp
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### 3V Ring Powering
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The micro:bit may be powered from the 3V/GND rings on the edge connector.
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There are also two losenge shaped pads on the far right of the back of the PCB
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There are also two elongated pads on the far right of the back of the PCB
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that can be used to supply power (e.g. solderable pads for a 2xAAA holder that
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has wires or pins at one edge). [The topmost losenge is 0V and the bottom most
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losenge is 3V](../../accessories/making-accessories/#battery-pads).
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has wires or pins at one edge). [The topmost pad is 0V and the bottom most
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pad is 3V](../../accessories/making-accessories/#battery-pads).
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When powering from the 3V ring or the losenge on the PCB, you should take
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When powering from the 3V ring or the elongated pads on the PCB, you should take
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appropriate best practice precautions:
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1. Fit an external protection diode (preferably with a low Vf rating)
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### Power Supply Architecture v1
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The [schematic](/hardware/schematic/) shows the architecture of the power supply.
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Key points to note are that there are two BAT60A diodes, one from the 3.3V
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Note that there are two BAT60A diodes, one from the 3.3V
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supply from the KL26/27 interface chip, and one from the external battery connector.
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Note that the 3V ring on the edge connector is V_TGT, which is the raw
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The 3V ring on the edge connector is V_TGT, which is the raw
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supply provided to all on board chips, so this is why extra care
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should be taken when connecting directly to the 3V ring or the 3V losenge.
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