fix(integrations): properly handle exceptions in tool calls

[constantinius]

Description

Properly wrap tool calls in try/except and capture exceptions so that the Sentry issues are actually linked to the tool calls
Also fixed issue related to tool call argument retrieval

Issues

Closes https://linear.app/getsentry/issue/TET-1357/issue-associated-with-invoke-agent-instead-of-execute-tool

Reminders

• Please add tests to validate your changes, and lint your code using tox -e linters.
• Add GH Issue ID & Linear ID (if applicable)
• PR title should use conventional commit style (feat:, fix:, ref:, meta:)
• For external contributors: CONTRIBUTING.md, Sentry SDK development docs, Discord community

[linear]

TET-1357 Issue associated with invoke_agent instead of execute_tool

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 89.47368% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 83.95%. Comparing base (e910302) to head (ea170e6).
⚠️ Report is 4 commits behind head on master.
✅ All tests successful. No failed tests found.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...ntry_sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/patches/tools.py	83.33%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #5065      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   83.88%   83.95%   +0.07%     
==========================================
  Files         179      179              
  Lines       17916    17929      +13     
  Branches     3187     3188       +1     
==========================================
+ Hits        15029    15053      +24     
+ Misses       1914     1904      -10     
+ Partials      973      972       -1     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
..._sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/patches/agent_run.py	89.15% <100.00%> (-0.62%)	⬇️
sentry_sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/utils.py	89.28% <100.00%> (+0.53%)	⬆️
...ntry_sdk/integrations/pydantic_ai/patches/tools.py	78.94% <83.33%> (-1.06%)	⬇️

... and 5 files with indirect coverage changes